Sunday, May 5, 2024

Hair Type Chart: What Are 3B, 3C, 4A, 4B and 4C Hair Types?

hair pattern chart

Type 2a curls are easy to style but prone to frizz and losing definition easily, so it is important to use the right products and techniques to maintain their shape and health. With type 4b hair, strands have a "Z" shape and a less defined curl pattern. Instead of curling or coiling, the hair bends in sharp angles like the letter "Z." Type 4b hair is tightly coiled and can feel wiry to the touch.

Hair Strand Sizes

Hardges recommends the LOC (leave-in, oil, cream) method to really lock in the moisture your hair needs. As for styling, she loves Uncle Funky’s Daughter Curly Magic Curl Stimulator, an aloe-based, firm-hold curl-enhancing gel. Also, if you do decide to straighten your hair, you’re going to need extra protection to keep from damaging your curl pattern. The Mizani Thermasmooth Shine Extend is a great heat protectant that locks in shine at the same time, says Hardges. Celebrity stylist Kim Kimble defines this curl type as “beachy waves with a loose S-pattern with little to no bounce.” She suggests her Curl Whip Mousse to achieve a defined curl. We asked the pros to help identify and define each curl pattern, along with product recommendations to make the curl-care aisle a little more inviting the next time you wander down it.

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"There's often some overlap with chart systems—like Type 4 may be both kinky and coily—so for me, being dyslexic, it makes much more sense to define by texture." Type 3 curls thrive with products that provide moisture and definition. Consider using a leave-in conditioner and a curl-enhancing gel or cream to maintain shape and minimize frizz. Products that can work for other curly people may not work for you.

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Allow hair to air-dry or use a diffuser for volume, preserving natural curl pattern. Type 4a curls are characterized by tight, small, kinky curls that are naturally dry and can range from fine to coarse. These curls have a visible curl pattern and require significant moisture to stay healthy. To keep Type 4a hair hydrated, it’s recommended to use creamy humectants as leave-in treatments and curl-defining custards or gelee for twist-outs and braid-outs. They’re classified into four types – straight (Type 1), wavy (Type 2), curly (Type 3), and coily (Type 4). Each type is further broken down into subtypes A, B, or C, indicating the curl tightness or diameter.

Curl type 3A features stretched spirals of curls that are large in diameter and roll down from the crown. With large soft curls, this hair is usually not coarse to the touch, and springs are bouncy and full of life even when minimally styled. “The struggle with Type 2 curls is longevity, so I always recommend diffusing for maximum volume and hold for curls that tend to flatten throughout the day,” says Matais-Bernard.

Using a diffuser when blow-drying can also help create defined, bouncy curls. 1C hair is the coarsest and most textured form of straight hair. It remains straight but has more texture than straight hair types like 1A. For instance, 1A is pin-straight from root to tip and lacks body or volume.

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Always handle gently, and make sure to detangle using a leave-in conditioner and a wide-tooth comb. Hardges’s go-to products are the Jane Carter Solution Revitalizing Leave-In Conditioner and Kemi Oyl All Natural Hair Oil to assist your hair in retaining its moisture. Frizz is sometimes an issue for 2B, which can be aided with extra moisture. Kimble recommends incorporating a mask into your shampoo routine about twice a month. To achieve softer, more uniform waves, use water-based products in lotion or cream form, like the Aveda Smooth Infusion Style-Prep Smoother or Moroccanoil Smoothing Lotion.

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One common challenge for those with 4B hair faces is maintaining moisture, as it is most vulnerable when wet. Conditioning the curl is key both in the shower and post-shower. For Type 3 hair, a shoulder-length cut with long layers perfectly showcases the curls. For Type 4 hair, short haircuts like a tapered cut or a buzz cut work well to bring out the texture.

hair pattern chart

Generally speaking – we don’t discuss hair typing very often because there are many things that each person must do to care for their hair regardless of their individual hair type. Hair oils and serums that keep the frizz away and give shine may be all that is needed to keep 3B curls looking lush. Try Goldwell Kerasilk Control Rich Protective Oil, which effectively blocked frizz on hair samples in the GH Beauty Lab's test and wasn't greasy, testers confirmed. Dickey recommends using an airy, water-based mousse, like the Aveda Phomollient Styling Foam, to add a bit of oomph at the base, making hair look fluffier and fuller. Meanwhile, “the goal of a serum is to target the hair follicle directly by delivering compounds that may allow for improved or optimal hair growth,” says Dr. Mirmirani. These ingredients are those that aren’t typically found in the diet, such as minoxidil and plant-based compounds.

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Long layers can help create a more natural-looking wave pattern, while shorter layers can help create more defined curls. As a dynamic husband and wife duo behind Curl Centric, our passion for curly hair has fueled a transformative journey. To determine your hair type, wash it and let it air-dry without adding any products. Next, compare your hair’s natural pattern and texture to hair typing charts or descriptions. In this example, your hair would contain primarily a combination of “O” shaped spiral curls and “S” shaped curly waves with defined hills and valleys.

To smooth the hair cuticle and reduce frizz, apply a light layer of a cream-based product for blowouts or natural waves. Type 2a curls are characterized by barely-there waves with a tousled texture. These curls can be easily straightened or enhanced with a sea salt spray and a curling iron. However, heavy styling products should be avoided as they can weigh down the strands.

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